Open Educational Resources

Open Educational Resources (also known as OERs) are teaching, learning, and research resources that are free for use and re-purposing by others. They include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge.This collection archives OERs created by UND faculty, staff, and students. For more details on Open Educational Resources and UND's efforts in this domain, please see our Open Educational Resources research guide.

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Music Tech Video Part 4: White Noise vs. Pink Noise

Eric B. Miller

Dr. Miller reviews the frequency patterns utilized to generate white noise, pink noise and brown noise, using an online web-based tool.
Binaural Beat Assignment

Eric B. Miller

Dr. Miller narrates a screen capture sequence of creating a binaural beat audio track using an online frequency generator, and adding a musical bed track in Audacity. Output file is exported as an MP3.
EEG Alpha higher listening to Euphonium

Eric B. Miller

Dr. Miller reviews process for running a t-test for statistical significance, using the online tool at graphpad.com and an example of EEG Alpha waves listening to euphonium vs. listening to cello. Best watched in full-screen mode.
Anatomy 204L: Laboratory Manual (Second Edition)

Ethan Snow

This laboratory manual is designed for undergraduate anatomy labs. It includes self-assessment resources and examination set up guides.
Math Active Learning Lab: Math 93 Notebook

Michele Iiams and Gwennie Byron

This course notebook has been designed for students of Math 93 (Algebra Prep III) at the University of North Dakota. It has been designed to help you get the most out of the ALEKS resources and your time.
- Topics in the Notebook are organized by weekly learning module.
- Space for notes from ALEKS learning pages, e-book and videos directs you to essential concepts.
- Examples and “You Try It” problems have been carefully chosen to help you focus on these essential concepts.
- Completed Notebook is an invaluable tool when studying for exams.
Elementary Set Theory

Richard P. Millspaugh

This text is appropriate for a course that introduces undergraduates to proofs. The material includes elementary symbolic logic, logical arguments, basic set theory, functions and relations, the real number system, and an introduction to cardinality. The text is intended to be readable for sophomore and better freshmen majoring in mathematics.

The source files for the text can be found at https://github.com/RPMillspaugh/SetTheory
Math Active Learning Lab: Math 92 Notebook

Michele Iiams and Gwennie Byron

This course notebook has been designed for students of Math 92 (Algebra Prep II) at the University of North Dakota. It has been designed to help you get the most out of the ALEKS resources and your time.
- Topics in the Notebook are organized by weekly learning module.
- Space for notes from ALEKS learning pages, e-book and videos directs you to essential concepts.
- Examples and “You Try It” problems have been carefully chosen to help you focus on these essential concepts.
- Completed Notebook is an invaluable tool when studying for exams.
Researcher Skill Development Framework (US English Edition)

John Willison, Kerry O'Regan, and Sara K. Kuhn

Created by John Willison and Kerry O'Regan.

www.rsd.edu.au

Adapted for the US context by Sara K. Kuhn.

"Research Skill Development (RSD) is about making explicit and coherent in regular university coursework the incremental attainment of research skills in a specific discipline. In the RSD, there are six facets of the research process, identified from the literature and modified according to Bloom’s taxonomy and our experiences of using the framework in the disciplines. The meaning of ‘research’ in this context is: students actively finding information new to themselves. Underlying this notion is the ‘degree of knowness’ of knowledge: whether research involves developing knowledge that is commonly known to humanity, commonly unknown or totally unknown. We see that even inquiry into the commonly known is all part of the process of research skill development. Indeed, to overlook the development of skills in earlier years of education (such as First Year university) is to miss the potential development of skills required of ‘ blue-sky’ researchers or by industry and employment." -- https://www.adelaide.edu.au/rsd/framework/explanation/

Description adapted from: Willison, J., & O’Regan, K. (2007). Commonly known, commonly not known, totally unknown: A framework for students becoming researchers. Higher Education Research & Development, 26(4), 393-409. Retrieved from https://www.adelaide.edu.au/rsd/evidence/related-articles/RSD_article_web.doc
RSD7: Researcher Skill Development Framework (US English Edition)

John Willison, Kerry O'Regan, and Sara K. Kuhn

Created by John Willison and Kerry O'Regan.

www.rsd.edu.au

Adapted for the US context by Sara K. Kuhn.

"The seven-level Researcher Skill Development framework extends the RSD's original 5 levels of student autonomy to include the degree of autonomy required for a successful research career. It therefore addresses not only students, but also early, middle and late career researchers. This involves the extension of the same facets of inquiry that appear in the original RSD framework to include two higher levels: 6 and 7." -- https://www.adelaide.edu.au/rsd/framework/rsd7/

For more information, see: Willison, J., & O’Regan, K. (2007). Commonly known, commonly not known, totally unknown: A framework for students becoming researchers. Higher Education Research & Development, 26(4), 393-409. Retrieved from https://www.adelaide.edu.au/rsd/evidence/related-articles/RSD_article_web.doc
History of North Dakota

Elwyn B. Robinson

Elwyn Robinson's sweeping History of North Dakota has become a classic in American state histories. One of the state's great professors and historians takes into account not only politics, but sociology, economics, ethnology, theology, nature studies and geography to describe North Dakota to the world and to itself.

Geography, in particular, formed the basis of Professor Robinson's historical interpretation. His 'too-much mistake,' the belief that North Dakota built too much, too fast, in an isolated area buffeted by difficult climate, has become the guiding principle for a quarter century of historical debate on Dakota plains history.
APEX Calculus: UND Edition

Gregory Hartman and Department of Mathematics, University of North Dakota

This text comprises a three–volume series on Calculus. The first part covers material taught in many “Calculus 1” courses: limits, derivatives, and the basics of integration, found in Chapters 1 through 6. The second text covers material often taught in “Calculus 2”: integration and its applications, along with an introduction to sequences, series and Taylor Polynomials, found in Chapters 7 through 10. The third text covers topics common in “Calculus 3” or “Multivariable Calculus”: parametric equations, polar coordinates, vector–valued functions, and functions of more than one variable, found in Chapters 11 through 15. All three are available separately for free.

Printing the entire text as one volume makes for a large, heavy, cumbersome book. One can certainly only print the pages they currently need, but some prefer to have a nice, bound copy of the text. Therefore this text has been split into these three manageable parts, each of which can be downloaded separately.

The source files for the text can be found at https://github.com/teepeemm/APEXCalculusLT_Source

This edition has been superseded. The 2nd edition is available here: https://commons.und.edu/oers/31/
Anatomy 204L: Laboratory Manual (First Edition)

Ethan Snow

This laboratory manual is designed for undergraduate anatomy labs. It includes self-assessment resources and examination set up guides.

This edition has been superseded. The 2nd edition is available here: https://commons.und.edu/oers/8/
History of Applied Science & Technology: An Open Access Textbook

Danielle Mead Skjelver, David Arnold, Hans Peter Broedel, Sharon Bailey Glasco, Bonnie Kim, and Sheryl Dahm Broedel

This textbook is designed to to meet the needs of History of Applied Science and Technology courses at colleges and universities around the world. Chapters will be organized around the theme of the transformative impact of technological and epistemological changes on worldview and human behavior as they relate to everyday life and global choices. We believe this textbook is the first History of Applied Science and Technology textbook to take a global approach, addressing persistent gaps in coverage in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. This is a collaborative, open access project. If you are interested in participating, please let us know in the Rebus Community forum.

This PDF is accurate to this textbook as of October 11, 2022. For current updates please check the website at: https://press.rebus.community/historyoftech/
Aviation Safety – The Basics

Gary M. Ullrich and Brandon W. Wild

“Aviation Safety; the Basics”, provides a detailed introduction into the current important issues affecting aviation safety. This textbook discusses the latest safety indicatives now being introduced throughout the industry. Although several chapters are dedicated toward General Aviation, the material applies to all facets of aviation.
North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction, JT Shining Oneside, Carol Davis, Eugene Hale, Oliver Gourd, Demus McDonald, Marilyn Hudson, Linda Gourneau, Emma Jean Blue Earth, Sunshine Archambault-Carlow, and Angeline Fourth Iron Road

North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings is a resource booklet intended to help educators better connect with their students from various tribal backgrounds. These seven essential understandings can create a framework for learning that makes students from all backgrounds feel more welcomed and thereby help them thrive in school. Based on research in the area of culture-based education, this material was developed by tribal elders from across the state and published by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction.
John F. Kennedy History, Memory, Legacy: An Interdisciplinary Inquiry

John Delane Williams, Robert G. Waite, and Gregory S. Gordon

On September 25, 1963, President John F. Kennedy traveled to Grand Forks, North Dakota, greeted its citizens while touring the city, and delivered a speech at the University of North Dakota Field House, which addressed important issues still vital today: environmental protection, conservation of natural resources, economic development, the struggle between democracy and totalitarianism, and the importance of education and public service. The University conferred on the President an honorary Doctor of Laws degree. Over 20,000 people assembled on campus that day to see JFK -- the largest campus gathering in UND history. Tragically, less than two months later, the thirty-fifth President of the United States was assassinated in Dallas.

To commemorate the forty-fifth anniversary of the President's Grand Forks visit, and in tandem with the University's one hundred and twenty-fifth anniversary, UND organized a September 25-27, 2008 conference to foster interdisciplinary discussion and analysis of the issues addressed in JFK's UND speech, as well as other significant issues of the Kennedy era, including civil rights, space exploration, the nuclear threat, and the influence of the media on presidential politics. The Conference also explored issues related to the President's assassination within weeks of his UND visit. This publication of conference proceedings collects the papers presented during this conference as well as transcripts of significant addresses and discussions.
Journey to Understanding: An Introduction to North Dakota Tribes

Cheryl Ann Kary, North Dakota Department of Public Instruction, North Dakota Department of Health & Human Services, and State Historical Society of North Dakota

Journey to Understanding: An Introduction to North Dakota Tribes is an introductory booklet intended to give a quick overview of Indigenous culture in North Dakota. It is a starting point for the rest of the North Dakota Tribal History & Culture series. The booklet explains the names and backgrounds of the nations that share geography with North Dakota. It also teaches basic cultural competency to facilitate interaction for people from a different background. The content is presented in the form of self-quizzes with provided answers. Journey to Understanding was originally used within the North Dakota Department of Human Services (NDDHS) --now part of the North Dakota Department of Health & Human Services (NDHHS)-- and was developed by NDDHS in collaboration with the Native American Training Institute. After its initial publication, it soon made its way from state government and into classrooms. With the permission of NDHHS, it is now distributed as part of the North Dakota Tribal History & Culture series.
The History and Culture of the Mandan, Hidatsa, Sahnish (Arikara)

Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College and North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

History & Culture of the Mandan Hidatsa & Sahnish (Arikara) is a guide to the Three Affiliated Tribes nation, past and present. The book is divided into three sections: one for each tribe. Elders, scholars, and other experts from the nation contributed the content of this book, which was reviewed by Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College and published by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction (NDDPI) for use in middle and high school North Dakota Studies classes, as well as in higher education.

The MHA nation is known as the following in its languages: Mandan: Miiti Naamni, Hidatsa: Awadi Aguraawi, Arikara: ačitaanu' táWIt. The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation shares geography with western North Dakota, with land on either side of the Missouri River basin. New Town is this sovereign nation’s capital.
The History and Culture of the Mni Wakan Oyate (Spirit Lake Nation)

Cankdeska Cikana Community College and North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

History & Culture of the Mni Wakan Oyate Spirit Lake Nation is a guide to the Spirit Lake nation, past and present. Elders, scholars, and other experts from the nation contributed the content of this book, which was reviewed by Cankdeska Cikana Community College (English: Little Hoop Community College) and published by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction (NDDPI) for use in middle and high school North Dakota Studies classes, as well as in higher education.

The Spirit Lake Nation’s name in the Santee Dakota language is “Mni Wakan Oyate” (also transcribed “Mniwakaƞ Oyate”). The nation was formerly called the Devils Lake Sioux Tribe in various English-language materials. It is comprised of the Pabaksa (Iháŋkthuŋwaŋna), Sisseton (Sisíthuŋwaŋ) and Wahpeton (Waȟpéthuŋwaŋ) bands of the Dakota people. The Spirit Lake Dakota Reservation shares geography with eastern North Dakota, beside Devils Lake. Fort Totten is the capital of this sovereign nation.
The History and Culture of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa

Turtle Mountain Community College and North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

History & Culture of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa is a guide to the Turtle Mountain nation, past and present. Elders, scholars, and other experts from the nation contributed the content of this book, which was reviewed by Turtle Mountain Community College and published by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction (NDDPI) for use in middle and high school North Dakota Studies classes, as well as in higher education.

The Turtle Mountain nation is called Mikinaakwajiw-ininiwag in the Ojibwe language. This sovereign nation’s capital is Belcourt. The Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation shares geography with northern North Dakota, along the border with Canada. The rest of its land base exists as parcels of trust land across Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, defying easy summarization.
The History and Culture of the Standing Rock Oyate

Standing Rock Community College and North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

History & Culture of the Standing Rock Oyate is a guide to the Standing Rock nation, past and present. Elders, scholars, and other experts from the nation contributed the content of this book, which was reviewed by Standing Rock Community College and published by the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction (NDDPI) for use in middle and high school North Dakota Studies classes, as well as in higher education.

The Standing Rock Reservation (Lakota: Íŋyaŋ Woslál Háŋ) shares geography with southern North Dakota and with South Dakota. The capital of this sovereign nation is Fort Yates.