Document Type
Article
Publication Date
11-3-2018
Publication Title
Sports Medicine
Volume
49
Abstract
Objective To estimate international and national temporal trends in the cardiorespiratory ftness (CRF) of adults, and to examine relationships between trends in CRF and trends in health-related, socioeconomic, and environmental indicators.
Methods Data were obtained from a systematic search of studies that explicitly reported temporal trends in the CRF of apparently healthy adults aged 18–59 years. Sample-weighted temporal trends were estimated using best-ftting regression models relating the year of testing to mean CRF. Post-stratifed population-weighted mean changes in percent and standardized CRF were estimated. Pearson’s correlations were used to describe associations between linear trends in CRF and linear trends in health-related, socioeconomic, and environmental indicators.
Results 2,525,827 adults representing eight high- and upper-middle-income countries between 1967 and 2016 collectively showed a moderate decline of 7.7% (95% CI −8.4 to −7.0) or 1.6% per decade (95% CI −1.7 to −1.5). Internationally, CRF improved in the 1960s and 1970s, and progressively declined at an increasing rate thereafter. Declines were larger for men than for women, and for young adults (<40 >years) than for middle-aged adults (≥40 years). All countries experienced declines in CRF with a very strong negative correlation between CRF trends and obesity trends.
Conclusions There has been a meaningful decline in the CRF of adults since 1980, which has progressively increased in magnitude over time, suggestive of a corresponding decline in population health. Continuous national and international surveillance systems are needed in order to monitor health and ftness trends, especially among low- and middle-income countries for which data do not currently exist. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42013003678.
Issue
1
First Page
41
Last Page
55
DOI
10.1007/s40279-018-1017-y
ISSN
0112-1642
Rights
This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Sports Medicine. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-1017-y..
Recommended Citation
Nicholas R. Lamoureux, John S. Fitzgerald, Kevin I. Norton, et al.. "Temporal trends in the cardiorespiratory fitness of 2,525,827 adults between 1967 and 2016" (2018). Education, Health & Behavior Studies Faculty Publications. 35.
https://commons.und.edu/ehb-fac/35