Preeti Nair

Date of Award

December 2025

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Space Studies

First Advisor

Marcos M. Fernandez-Tous

Abstract

Nuclear fusion propulsion represents a promising solution for future interplanetarymissions due to its high energy density and potential for continuous power generation. However, existing fusion propulsion systems face significant limitations, particularly in achieving stable plasma confinement. The Polywell concept, introduced by physicist Robert Bussard in 1985, offers advantages through its compact, polyhedral geometry that is wellsuited for spacecraft applications where mass and volume constraints are critical. Despite these advantages, Polywell designs have encountered stability challenges in maintaining the electric potential well over time. Plasma instabilities induced by magnetic fields disrupt containment and reduce fusion efficiency, limiting overall performance and scalability for space propulsion applications. This research also addresses the regulatory frameworks applicable to Polywell technology development, including compliance with international space law and nuclear safety standards. The outcome of the research, with neutron radiation values, reinforces the need to develop a legal framework for fusion-based space propulsion systems.

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