Date of Award

4-20-2025

Document Type

Independent Study

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Nutrition & Dietetics

First Advisor

Dr. Danielle Villano

Abstract

Background/Objective: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are at increased risk of malnutrition due to restrictive dietary patterns and behavioral difficulties at mealtimes. Research suggests that heightened sensory sensitivity, a characteristic accompanying several of these disorders, may be a contributing factor. However, the effects of sensory sensitivity on nutritional outcomes across distinct NDDs have not been fully explored. This review aims to examine the relationship between sensory sensitivity and nutritional status, food preferences, and eating behaviors in children with NDDs, specifically investigating how atypical sensory processing might influence dietary intake.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL, complemented by a manual selection process to identify relevant articles for this review. Use of the PICO method was incorporated to assist with screening, and titles and abstracts of all potentially eligible studies were considered for analysis. The inclusion criteria consisted of original studies examining the relationship between sensory sensitivity, food selectivity, and nutritional outcomes in children with NDDs.

Results: Both qualitative and quantitative evidence highlight the harmful consequences of sensory sensitivity on dietary intake in individuals with NDDs, including increased risk of nutrient deficiencies, disrupted eating patterns, and food selectivity, underscoring the need for further research.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that implementation of targeted nutritional interventions—such as gradual food exposure, sensory-based feeding therapies, and parent-caregiver education, are warranted— given that these approaches are currently lacking. These interventions may help reduce the risk of nutrient deficiencies and address feeding issues, improving the overall health of this population.

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