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Document Type

Poster

Description

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a known potential complication that can occur during pregnancy. Unmanaged GDM can result in maternal hyperglycemia, which can cause increased neonatal complications, two of which are macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. To prevent maternal hyperglycemia, treatment of GDM typically begins with dietary changes, home glucose monitoring, increased exercise patterns and other lifestyle modifications. However, if maternal hyperglycemia persists after two weeks of maternal lifestyle modifications, there are not current best practice guidelines established for the treatment of GDM. Historically, subcutaneous multiple daily dosed insulin (MDI) has been the gold standard for treatment after lifestyle modification. However, in more recent years oral antihyperglycemic medications, glyburide and metformin, have seen increased use for the treatment of GDM. Additionally, with advancing technology and the development of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), there is discussion regarding which insulin delivery method will achieve more consistent rates of euglycemia to help reduce rates of neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia. This scholarly literature review will provide a general overview of GDM, compare treatment modalities (subcutaneous multiple daily dosages of insulin, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, metformin and glyburide) of GDM in terms of rates of neonatal hypoglycemia and macrosomia, and compare the safety of differing treatment modalities.

Department

Physician Assistant Studies

Date of Work

2019

Publication Date

2019

Keywords

Gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, neonatal hyperglycemia, glyburide, metformin, insulin, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII)

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Comparing Rates of Macrosomia and Neonatal Hypoglycemia of Differing Treatment Modalities of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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