Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1868 (Kappler)

Authors

Charles J. Kappler, Clerk to the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs
Nathaniel G. Taylor, Commissioner of Indian Affairs
William T. Sherman, U.S. Army
William S. Harney, U.S. Army
John B. Sanborn, Indian Peace Commission
Samuel F. Tappen, Indian Peace Commission
Christopher C. Augur, U.S. Army
Alfred H. Terry, U.S. Army
John B. Henderson, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs
Andrew Johnson, President of the United States

Committee

The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs

Congress

58th Congress, 2d Session

Files

Description

This 1904 reprint of the Sioux Treaty of 1868, also known as the Treaty of Fort Laramie, 1868, was transcribed and published in vol. II of Charles Kappler’s Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. This treaty, between the United States government and the Sioux and Arapaho Nations, established the Great Sioux Reservation, promised the Sioux would own the Black Hills in perpetuity, and set aside the country north of the North Platte River and east of the summits of the Big Horn Mountains as unceded Indian territory. Furthermore, the U.S. government pledged to close the Bozeman Trail forts and provide food, clothing, and annuities to the tribes, given that they agreed to relinquish all rights to live outside the reservation.

Publication Date

1-1904

Keywords

Sioux, Sioux Nation, Sioux Nation of Indians, the Great Sioux Nation, the Seven Council Fires, Oceti Sakowin, Oceti Ŝakowiŋ, Očhéthi Šakówiŋ, Oceti Sakowin Confederacy, Dakota, Dakȟóta, Dakhóta, Santee, Isanti, Isáŋyathi, Santee Band of Sioux, Yanktonai, Ihaŋktoŋwaŋna, Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋna, Yankton, Ihaŋktoŋwaŋ, Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋ, Yanctonais, Yanctonais Band of Sioux, Cuthead band of Sioux, Cuthead Band of the Yanktonai, Cut Head Band, Cut Head, People of the Pabaska, Pabaska, Iháŋkthuŋwaŋ-Iháŋkthuŋwaŋna, Wiceyala, Lakota, Lakȟóta, Lakhóta, Teton, Thítȟuŋwaŋ, Titoŋwaŋ, Titunwan, Titonowan, the Seven Bands of the Titunwan, Brulé Band of the Sioux, Brulé, Brulé Nation, Sicangu, Sicangu Lakota, Sičháŋǧu, Sičháŋǧu Oyáte, Sicangu Oyate, Ogallah, Ogallah Band of Sioux, Oglala, Oglala Nation, Oglála, Minneconjon, Minneconjon Band of Sioux, Miniconjou, Mnikȟówožu, Mnikȟáŋwožu, Hokwoju, Hoȟwóžu, Blackfeet, Blackfeet Band of Sioux, Sihasapa, Sihásapa, Siha Sapa, Blackfoot, Two Kettle band of Sioux, Oohenupa, Oohenonpa, Oohenonpa Lakota, Oóhenuŋpa, Oohenumpa, Sans Arch, Sans Arch band of Sioux, Sans Arc, Itazipco, Itázipčho, Itazipacola, Itzipacola Lakota, Uncpapa, Uncpapa Band of Sioux, Hunkpapa, Húŋkpapȟa, Arapahoes, Arapaho, Hinono'eino, Black Hills, the Great Sioux Reservation, Indian, Indians, reservations, Indian Territory, Indians, Indian Tribes, agency, unceded, unceded territory, unceded Indian Territory, Fort Laramie, provisions, annuities, treaty, buffalo, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Secretary of Interior, land-book, Sioux Land-Book, mineral land, land district, citizens of the United States, education, agriculture, farming, cultivation, railroads, military posts, arable land, agency, appropriation, surrendered, emigrants, wagon road, wagon-train, army

Geographic Subjects

Washington City, Washington, D.C., Missouri River, Nebraska, North Platte River, Republican Fork of the Smoky Hill River, Republican River, Platte River, Pacific Ocean, Big Horn Mountains, Montana Territory, Fort Laramie, Dakota Territory, Black Hills, Great Sioux Reservation

Organizations Referenced

: United States government, U.S. Congress, U.S. Senate, Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, Department of Interior, Indian Affairs, U.S. Army, Fourth Infantry, Twenty-Second Infantry, General Land-Office, Pacific Railroad, Sioux Nation of Indians, Brulé Band of Sioux, Ogallah Band of Sioux, Oglala Band of Sioux, Minneconjon Band of Sioux, Miniconjou Band of Sioux, Yanctonais Band of Sioux, Yanktonai Band of Sioux, Arapahoe Nation, Uncpapa Band of Sioux, Hunkpapa Band of Sioux, Blackfeet Band of Sioux, Cutheads band of Sioux, Cut head Band of Sioux, Two Kettle Band of Sioux, Sans Arch Band of Sioux, San Arcs Band of Sioux, Santee Band of Sioux

People Referenced

N.G. Taylor, Nathaniel G. Taylor, W.T. Sherman, William T. Sherman, Wm. S. Harney, William S. Harney, John B. Sanborn, S.F. Tappan, Samuel F. Tappan, C.C. Augur, Christopher C. Augur, Alfred H. Terry, A.S.H. White, Ashton S. H. White, Ma-za-pon-kaska, Iron Shell, Tukiha Maza, Wah-pat-shah, Red Leaf, Hah-sah-pah, Black Horn, Tahe Sapa, Zin-tah-gah-lat-skah, Spotted Tail, Sinte Gleska, Siŋté Glešká, Zin-tah-skah, White Tail, Sinte-ska, Me-wah-tah-ne-ho-skah, Tall Mandas, Tall Mandan, Miwatani-hanska, Miwátani Hánska, She-cha-chat-kah, Bad Left Hand, No-mah-no-pah, Two and Two, Tah-tonka-skah, White Bull, Tȟatȟáŋka Ská, Con-ra-washta, Pretty Coon, Ha-cah-cah-she-chah, Bad Elk, Wa-ha-ka-zah-ish-tah, Eye Lance, Ma-to-ha-ke-tah, Bear that Looks Behind, Bella-tonka-tonka, Big Partisan, Blotahunka Tanka, Mah-to-ho-honka, Swift Bear, Mato Luzahan, To-wis-ne, Cold Place, Ish-tah-skah, White Eyes, I-Shta-Ska, I-shtá-ska, Ma-ta-loo-zah, Fast Bear, Quick Bear, Mato Ohanko, As-hah-kah-nah-zhe, Standing Elk, Can-te-te-ki-ya, The Brave Heart, Shunka-shaton, Day Hawk, Tatanka-wakon, Sacred Bull, Tatanka Wakan, Ta-Ta-Ka-Wa-Kan, Mapia Shaton, Hawk Cloud, Ma-sha-a-ow, Stands and Comes, Shon-ka-ton-ka, Big Dog, George B. Withs, Geo. H. Holtzman, George H. Holtzman, John D. Howlano, James C. O’Connor, Chas. E. Guern, Charles E. Guern, Leon F. Pallardy, Nicholas Janis, Tah-shun-ka-co-qui-pah, Man-afraid-of-his-horses, Young Man Afraid of His Horses, Tȟašúŋke Kȟokípȟapi, Tasunka Kokipapi, Taxunke-kokipe, Ta-shuń-ka-ko-kí-pa, Sha-ton-skah, White Hawk, Ché-tań-ka, Sha-ton-sapah, Black Hawk, E-ga-mon-ton-ka-sapah, Black Tiger, Ego-mo-sa-pa, Oh-wah-she-cha, Bad Wound, Owe Shicha, Owe-xica, Pah-gee, Grass, Wah-non-reh-che-geh, Ghost Heart, Wanonrechege, Con-reeh, Crow, Oh-he-te-kah, the Brave, Tah-ton-kah-he-yo-ta-kah, Sitting Bull, Young Sitting Bull, Sitting Bull of the South, Tantanka Iyotake, Shon-ka-oh-wah-mon-ye, Whirlwind Dog, Ha-hah-kah-tah-miech, Poor Elk, He-há-ka-tá-ma-ka, Wam-bu-lee-wah-kon, Medicine Eagle, Chon-gah-ma-he-to-hans-ka, High Wolf, Shun-tó-ke-cha-ish-han-ska, Wah-se-chun-ta-shun-kah, American Horse, Washi-ta-tonga, Wašíčuŋ Tȟašúŋke, Waxicun-taxunke, Mah-hah-mah-ha-mak-near, Man that Walks Under the Ground, Mah-to-tow-pah, Four Bears, Mato Topa, Mah-to-wee-sha-kta, One that Kills the Bear, Oh-tah-kee-toka-wee-chakta, One that Kills in a Hard Place, Tah-ton-kah-ta-miech, the Poor Bull, Oh-huns-ee-ga-non-sken, Mad Shade, Shah-ton-oh-nah-om-minne-ne-oh-minne, Whirling Hawk, Mah-to-chun-ka-oh, Bear’s Back, Che-ton-wee-koh, Fool Hawk, Wah-hoh-ke-za-ah-hah, One that has the Lance, Shon-gah-manni-toh-tan-ka-seh, Big Wolf Foot, Eh-ton-kah, Big Mouth, Itȟáŋka, Ma-pah-che-tah, Bad Hand, Wah-ke-yun-shah, Red Thunder, Wak-sah, One that Cuts Off, Cham-nom-qui-yah, One that Presents the Pipe, Wah-ke-ke-yan-puh-tah, Fire Thunder, Wakinyan Peta, Mah-to-nonk-pah-ze, Bear with Yellow Ears, Con-ree-teh-ka, The Little Crow, He-hup-pah-toh, The Blue War Club, Shon-kee-toh, The Blue Horse, Sunkawakan To, Shuń-ka-wa-kan-to, Sunka Wakan To, Wam-Balla-oh-con-quo, Quick Eagle, Ta-tonka-suppa, Black Bull, Moh-to-ha-she-na, The Bear Hide, S.E. Ward, J.M. Sherwood, W.D. Slicer, Sam Deon, H.M. Matthews, Joseph Bissonette, Lefroy Jott, Heh-won-ge-chat, One Horn, Lone Horn, Ha-wón-je-tah, Hewáŋžiča, Oh-pan-ah-tah-e-manne, The Elk that Bellows Walking, Heh-ho-lah-reh-cha-skah, Young White Bull, Wah-chah-chum-kah-coh-kee-pah, One that is Afraid of Shield, He-hon-ne-shakta, The Old Owl, Moc-pe-a-toh, Blue Cloud, Oh-pong-ge-le-skah, Spotted Elk, Uŋpȟáŋ Glešká, Hupah Glešká, Tah-tonk-ka-hon-ke-schne, Slow Bull, Shonk-a-nee-shah-shah-a-tah-pe, The Dog Chief, Ma-to-tah-ta-tonk-ka, Bull Bear, Wom-beh-le-ton-kah, The Big Eagle, Ma-toh-eh-schne-lah, The Lone Bear, Mah-toh-ke-su-yah, The One who Remembers the Bear, Ma-toh-oh-he-to-keh, The Brave Bear, Eh-che-ma-heh, The Runner, Ti-ki-ya, The Hard, He-ma-za, Iron Horn, Wm. H. Brown, Mah-to-non-pah, Two Bears, Mato Nopa, Mato-nonpa, Ma-to’-nonom’-pa, Ma-to-hna-skin-ya, Mad Bear, Mahto Ocinsica, Mato Knaskiyan, Mato-Gnashkinyan, He-o-pu-za, Louzy, Ah-ke-che-tah-che-ca-dan, Little Soldiers, Little Soldier, Akicita chikala, Akicita cikala, Mah-to-e-tan-chan, Chief Bear, Cu-wi-h-win, Rotten Stomach, Skun-ka-we-tko, Fool Dog, Tashunka-witko, Ish-ta-sap-pah, Black Eye, Ishta Shapa, Ishta-Sapa, Ih-tan-chan, The Chief, Ithanchan, I-a-wi-ca-ka, The One Who Tells the Truth, Ah-ke-che-tah, The Soldier, Akicita, Ta-shi-na-gi, Yellow Robe, Nah-pe-ton-ka, Big Hand, Nape-tanka, Chan-tee-we-kto, Fool Heart, Cante-witko, Hoh-gan-sah-pa, Black Catfish, Hogansapa, Hogan Sapa, Mah-to-wah-kan, Medicine Bear, Mato Wakon, Ma-tó-wa-kań, Shun-ka-kan-sha, Red Horse, Wan-rode, The Eagle, Can-hpi-sa-pa, Black Tomahawk, Canhpi-sapa, War-he-le-re, Yellow Eagle, Wanmdi-zi , Wama-a-ke, Cha-ton-che-ca, Small Hawk, or Long Fare, Shu-ger-mon-e-too-ha-ska, Tall Wolf, Ma-to-u-tah-kah, Sitting Bear, Hi-ha-cah-ge-na-skene, Mad Elk, Little Chief, Tall Bear, Top Man, Neva, The Wounded Bear, Thirlwind, The Fox, The Dog Big Mouth, Spotted Wolf, Sorrel Horse, Black Coal, Big Wolf, Knock-knee, Black Crow, The Lone Old Man, Paul, Black Bull, Big Track, The Foot, Black White, Yellow Hair, Little Shield, Black Bear, Wolf Mocassin, Big Robe, Wolf Chief, Robt. P. McKibbin, Robert P. McKibbin, Wm. H. Powell, William Henry Powell, Henry W. Patterson, Theo. E. True, W.G. Bullock, William Galt Bullock, Chas. E. Guern, Charles E. Guern, Makh-pi-ah-lu-tah, Red Cloud, Mahipiua Luta, Maȟpíya Lúta, Ma-hpí-ya-lú-ta, Wa-ki-ah-we-cha-shah, Thunder Man, Ma-Zah-zah-geh, Iron Cane, Wa-umble-why-wa-ka-tunyah, High Eagle, Wanbli Wakatuya, Ko-ke-pah, Man Afraid, Wa-ki-ah-wa-kou-ah, Thunder Flying Running, W. McE. Dye, Wm. McE Dye, William McEntyre Dye, A.B. Cain, Avery B. Cain, Jno. Miller, John Miller, G.L. Luhn, H.C. Sloan, Henry C. Sloan, Whittingham Cox, A.W. Vogdes, Anthony W. Vogdes, Butler D. Price, Franc. La Framboise, P.J. Smet, Saml. D. Hinman, Samuel D. Hinman, Co-kam-i-ya-ya, The Man that Goes in the Middle, Walks in Red Clothing, Gall, Abraham Gall, Ma-to-ca-wa-weksa, Bear Rib, Bear’s Rib, Matȟó Čhuthúhu, Ma-tó-chu-tú-hu, Mato-cuwiyuksa, Ta-to-ka-in-yan-ke, Running Antelope, Tȟatȟóka Íŋyaŋke, Ta-Tó-ka-iń-yan-ka, Tatoke-inyanke, Kan-gi-wa-ki-ta, Looking Crow, A-ki-ci-ta-han-ska, Long Soldier, Akicita Hanska, Akicita-hanska, Wa-ku-te-ma-ni, The One Who Shoots Walking, Walking Shooter, Wa-kú-ta-a-má-ni, Wakute-Mani, Wah-koo-ta-mon-ih, Un-kca-ki-ka, The Magpie, Kan-gi-o-ta, Plenty Crow, He-ma-za, Iron Horn, He-maza, He-má-za, Shun-ka-i-na-pin, Wolf Necklace, Sunkaha Napin, Suŋkaha napin, Sunkatokenapin, I-we-hi-yu, The Man Who Bleeds from the Mouth, He-ha-ka-pa, Elk Head, Hehakapa, I-zu-za, Grind Stone, Shun-ka-wi-tko, Fool Dog, Ma-kapi-ya-po, Blue Cloud, Wa-mln-pi-lu-ta, Red Eagle, Ma-to-can-te, Bear’s Heart, A-ki-ci-ta-i-tau-can, Chief Soldier, Can-te-pe-ta, Fire Heart, Chante Peta, Chan-ta-pa-ta, Wan-mdi-kte, The One Who Kills Eagle, Sho-ta, Smoke, Wan-mdi-ma-ni, Walking Eagle, Wa-shi-cun-ya-ta-pi, Chief White Man, Kan-gi-i-yo-tan-ke, Sitting Crow, Kangi-iyotanka, Pe-ji, The Grass, John Grass, Peji, Pe-jí, Kda-ma-ni, The One that Rattles as he Walks, Wah-han-ka-sa-pa, Black Shield, Can-te-non-pa, Two Hearts, Chan-ta-non-pas, To-ka-in-yan-ka, The One who Goes Ahead Running, Ta-tan-ka-wa-kin-yan, Thunder Bull, Sin-to-min-sa-pa, All Over Black, Can-i-ca, The One Who Took the Stick, Pa-tan-ka, Big Head, Pažipa, Pahtanka, Nasula-tanka, Ma-wa-tan-ni-han-ska, Long Mandan, Miwátani Háŋska, Ma-wá-tań-na-hań-ska, Can-kpe-du-ta, Red War Club, Can-ka-ga, The Log, Can-haha, He-na-pin-wa-ni-ca, The One that has Neither Horn, Wa-inlu-pi-lu-ta, Red Plume, Ci-tan-gi, Yellow Hawk, Cetan-gi, He-na-pin-wa-ni-ca, No Horn, Wa-pah-shaw, Red Ensign, Wá-pa-ha-sha, Wapasa, Wabasha, Wabasha III, Wapahaśa, Joseph Wabasha, Wah-koo-tay, Shooter, Wakute, Wa-kú-ta, Hoo-sha-sha, Red Legs, Huxaxa, Hu-sha-sha, Hushasha, O-wan-cha-du-ta, Scarlet All Over, Ó-wan-cha-dú-ta, Wau-mace-tan-ka, Big Eagle, Wambditanka, Waŋbdí Táŋka, Jerome Big Eagle, Cho-tan-ka-e-na-pe, Flute-player, Chó-tan-ka-shká-ta, Cotankainapi, Ta-shun-ke-mo-za, His Iron Dog, Tasunkamza, J.N. Chickering

Disciplines

American Politics | Indigenous, Indian, and Aboriginal Law | Indigenous Studies | Law and Politics | Legal | Military History | Native American Studies | Political History | United States History

Comments

During this time, there were Lakota chiefs named Sitting Bull: the well-known Hunkpapa chief who led the Sioux resistance against the United States and the lesser-known Oglala chief. The Oglala Sitting Bull, also known as Young Sitting Bull or Sitting Bull of the South, signed this treaty.

Recommended Citation

"Treaty with the Sioux-Brulé, Oglala, Etc., and Arapaho, 1868," in Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties, vol. II, ed. Charles J. Kappler (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), 998-1007.