Bella Hettich

Date of Award

January 2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Education, Health & Behavior Studies

First Advisor

Steven LeMire

Abstract

Despite efforts to support underrepresented individuals—specifically those from racial, ethnic, and gender minority groups—they continue to face unique challenges that affect their belongingness in aerospace sciences, leading to issues with retention in educational programs and subsequent professional pathways. Such hindrances to personal achievement can also impede broader organizational goals. Addressing these challenges is critical, as supporting the success of underrepresented individuals fosters diverse perspectives, which are essential for driving innovation and maximizing organizational productivity. Just as importantly, ensuring that every individual, regardless of background, has access to opportunities and the support needed to succeed fulfills an ethical obligation. Upholding the values of fairness and justice benefits individuals and strengthens the collective good. This dissertation explores the intersection of belongingness and the development of science identity in enhancing the congruence of underrepresented students with their chosen field of aerospace sciences. Drawing from established theories of belongingness (Baumeister & Leary, 1995) and science identity (Carlone & Johnson, 2007), this dissertation employs thematic analysis to examine student experiences in aerospace sciences. The study uncovers the relationship between sense of belonging, science identity, and academic and career congruence. Findings reveal that formal and informal support systems, mentorship relationships with peers and aerospace sciences professionals, digital spaces, and institutional support—particularly through culturally and linguistically appropriate mental healthcare—play a critical role in fostering students’ persistence and congruence to their chosen field. This research contributes to the body of work informing efforts to enhance belongingness in STEM among underrepresented individuals, strengthening inclusive pathways in aerospace sciences.

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