Date of Award

4-22-2025

Document Type

Independent Study

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Nursing

Program Affiliation

Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP)

First Advisor

Dr. Jody Goard

Abstract

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant public health issue impacting maternal and infant well-being, and though breastfeeding benefits both mother and baby, its effect on PPD is uncertain. This scoping literature review explores whether breastfeeding versus bottle feeding reduces PPD risk within six months postpartum using CINAHL and PubMed search of studies from the last five years on breastfeeding, bottle feeding, and PPD correlations. From 17 qualifying studies, results display exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding linked to lower PPD rates. However, the relationship is bidirectional because PPD can also prompt early breastfeeding cessation. Maternal self-efficacy, lactation support, and socioeconomic- demographic factors influence breastfeeding and mental health. Thus, breastfeeding may shield against PPD, but its challenges can also distress mothers, worsening their mental health. Healthcare providers should adopt supportive, tailored breastfeeding strategies to boost maternal mental health and breastfeeding duration, with further research needed to explore the link between breastfeeding and PPD to refine interventions for at-risk mothers.

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