Date of Award

May 2026

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department

Space Studies

First Advisor

David Kugler

Abstract

Since the turn of the century, the dependence of state functionality and capability on cyber infrastructure has grown exponentially, resulting in an equally expanding list of means to exploit this dependency. Cyberattacks have demonstrated the ability to target the space industry and critical infrastructure beyond our atmosphere. The potential damage this growing threat can bring is what this research aims to prepare for and mitigate. The purpose of this research is to determine cyber-attack indicators and develop responses designed to mitigate the effects of worst-case scenarios. It is important to understand that this study included a theoretical scenario to address questions that do not have precedents. Analysis of current policies and protocols regarding cybersecurity, international law and policy, and Human Centered Design (HCD) was completed through content analysis to determine factors applicable to lunar colony cybersecurity resilience. The choice to constrain this research into water systems is due to the strategic value of water-ice processing systems for both life-support and potential fuel production at the Jamestown Polar Research Station (JPRS). Results indicate that the legal and policy realm presents a restrained, limited, or cautious response following the cyberattack on the JPRS; however, it does not give direct favor to any option. The complexity of cyberspace and the defensive capabilities therein identify a need for greater security measures or AI integration within the logistical and supply chain sectors related to the targeted systems in situ. Lastly, regarding the future means of habitat design, there is a consensus that emergency operations can compensate for compromised systems using redundant systems, plug-and-play component systems, and a focus on resilience through modularity for critical systems.

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